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Physics · Level 1 Explorer

Simple Circuits

Build a safe low-voltage path for electric current. Predict what the lamp will do, test the circuit and use evidence to explain the result.

A Black instructor guides two learners testing a simple low-voltage circuit
Guided practical45 to 75 minutes
DifficultyBeginner
Group size2 to 4 learners
EvidenceDiagram, trials and explanation

Interactive current-path check

Set the switch. Predict the lamp.

Choose whether the switch is open or closed, predict the lamp, then run the circuit to test your reasoning.

Switch position
What will the lamp do?
Energy source2 × AA battery holder
ControlChoose a switch position
OutputWaiting for your test
Prediction not testedSet the switch and predict the lamp.
Trials completed0 / 6
Correct predictions0
Current accuracyNot tested
2 × AA battery holder with batteriesSmall 3 V lamp and holderInsulated connecting wiresLow-voltage switchCardboard or a circuit board baseOptional multimeter for voltage checks
Low voltage onlyNever connect this activity to a wall socket or mains electricity. Disconnect the battery before changing wires. Stop immediately if a component becomes warm. If you use an LED instead of a lamp, use the resistor and polarity approved by your facilitator.

Sketch the loop

Draw the battery, switch and lamp before touching the wires.

Connect with power removed

Join battery to switch, switch to lamp and lamp back to the battery.

Check every connection

Look for loose metal contacts, crossed wires and accidental short circuits.

Close the switch briefly

Observe the lamp, open the switch again and disconnect power before making changes.

TrialSwitch or changePredictionObservationComplete path?
1Open
2Closed
3Open
4Closed
5One connection removed
6Connection restored

Your practical evidence

  • A labelled circuit diagram showing the complete path.
  • A photograph of the approved low-voltage circuit.
  • The completed six-trial table.
  • A two-sentence explanation of why the lamp lights only in a complete circuit.
  • One safe improvement you would make next.
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